L’investigatore privato e i “furbi” dei permessi Legge 104. Parte 2

Assodato il fatto che è possibile ricorrere all’utilizzo di un investigatore privato per scoprire se un proprio dipendente utilizza impropriamente i premessi parentali concessi tramite le legge 104/1992.

Occorre ricordare però che esistono dei limiti all’indagini, e cioè:

  • non riguardino l’adempimento della prestazione lavorativa ;

  • siano finalizzate a verificare comportamenti che possano configurare ipotesi penalmente rilevanti od integrare attività fraudolente (cfr. Cass. 12 settembre 2018, n. 22196; Cass. 11 giugno 2018, n. 15094; Cass. 22 maggio 2017, n. 12810).

Quindi, affinché le agenzie investigative operino legalmente, le indagini, a loro commissionate, non devono sconfinare nella vigilanza dell’attività lavorativa vera e propria.

Detto questo vediamo alcune situazioni dove le evidenze riscontrate dagli investigatori privati hanno portato al licenziamento per giusta causa del lavoratore:

Nella Sentenza n.18411 /2019 si attesta che la mancata assistenza al parente, perché il soggetto non si era allontanato dalla propria abitazione in uno o più giorni di quelli richiesti nei permessi, è un motivo valido per il licenziamento per giusta causa.

La Corte di Cassazione, sezione lavoro, nell’ordinanza n. 4670/2019 attesta che sfruttare i permessi per i congedi parentali per trascorrere le ore a “fare shopping” può comportare il licenziamento del lavoratore.

Nella sentenza n. 17986/2018 la Corte afferma che è motivo di licenziamento utilizzare i permessi per motivi di studio, quindi estranei alla finalità di assistenza al parente malato.

Si ricorda però che con la Sentenza n. 21529/2019, la Cassazione afferma che la fruizione dei permessi ex legge 104/1992 deve ritenersi legittima, quando gli stessi vengano utilizzati, oltre che per l’intervento assistenziale del disabile che deve avere un carattere primario, anche per attività del lavoratore volte alla cura della propria persona, quali il riposo ed il recupero delle energie psico-fisiche. A conferma di ciò già nel 2016 con la sentenza n.5574/2016, la Cassazione ha ritenuto “legittimo il licenziamento per giusta causa inflitto al lavoratore che a fronte di  ventiquattro ore di permessi retribuiti ex lege c.d. “104” ha tenuto una condotta compatibile con le motivazioni di assistenza al congiunto disabile per un tempo pari soltanto al 17,5 per cento del totale concesso”.

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